:root {
  --page: #ffffff;
  --page-soft: #fbfcfe;
  --ink: #0e1726;
  --ink-2: #223047;
  --body: #46536c;
  --muted: #6b7790;
  --faint: #98a3b8;
  --line: #e7ebf1;
  --line-2: #d4dbe7;
  --accent: #3b57e8;
  --accent-2: #2a43c4;
  --accent-soft: #edf1fe;
  --accent-softer: #f7f9ff;
  --panel: #f6f8fb;
  --green: #0e9f6e;
  --green-soft: #e7f8f1;
  --red: #dc4a4a;
  --red-soft: #fdeeee;
  --purple: #7b5cf0;
  --purple-soft: #f1eefd;
  --radius: 14px;
  --radius-lg: 22px;
  --shadow-sm: 0 1px 2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04),
    0 2px 8px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
  --shadow-md: 0 2px 4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04),
    0 12px 34px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
  --serif: "Fraunces", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: "Manrope", "Inter", "Noto Sans", "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue", Arial,
    "PingFang SC", "Microsoft YaHei", sans-serif;
  --mono: "SF Mono", "Cascadia Code", "JetBrains Mono", Consolas, Menlo,
    monospace;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 92px; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--page);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 16.5px;
  line-height: 1.78;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

p { margin: 0 0 1em; }
a { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; transition: color 0.18s ease; }
a:hover { color: var(--accent-2); text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 2px; }

::selection {
  background: rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.16);
  color: var(--ink);
}

.container {
  width: min(1080px, calc(100% - 48px));
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.section { padding: 92px 0; position: relative; }
.section + .section { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.section--soft { background: var(--page-soft); }

/* progress line */
.scroll-progress {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  height: 2px;
  width: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent), #60a5fa);
  z-index: 200;
  transition: width 0.08s linear;
}

/* ============ top navigation ============ */
.topnav {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.88);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px) saturate(1.6);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px) saturate(1.6);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(232, 236, 243, 0.9);
}

.topnav-inner {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 24px;
  height: 64px;
}

.brand {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.brand-mark {
  width: 28px;
  height: 28px;
  border-radius: 9px;
  background: linear-gradient(145deg, var(--accent), #7c3aed);
  color: #fff;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.28);
}

.brand:hover { text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); }

.topnav-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 30px;
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.topnav-links a {
  position: relative;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.topnav-links a::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: -8px;
  height: 2px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform 0.22s ease;
}

.topnav-links a:hover,
.topnav-links a.active {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.topnav-links a:hover::after,
.topnav-links a.active::after { transform: scaleX(1); }

.nav-cta {
  flex: none;
}

.menu-toggle {
  display: none;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-2);
  border-radius: 10px;
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  cursor: pointer;
  position: absolute;
  right: 12px;
  top: 12px;
  transition: border-color 0.18s ease, background-color 0.18s ease;
}

.menu-toggle:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
}

.menu-toggle svg { display: block; }

/* ============ hero ============ */
.hero {
  position: relative;
  padding: 110px 0 96px;
  text-align: center;
  background:
    radial-gradient(900px 360px at 50% -180px, rgba(100, 116, 139, 0.09) 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 70%),
    #ffffff;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.hero .container {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

.hero-orbs {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.orb {
  position: absolute;
  border-radius: 50%;
  filter: blur(80px);
  opacity: 0.34;
  will-change: transform;
}

.orb-a {
  width: 520px;
  height: 520px;
  left: -130px;
  top: -190px;
  background: rgba(120, 136, 160, 0.12);
  animation: orbFloatA 16s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
}

.orb-b {
  width: 430px;
  height: 430px;
  right: -110px;
  top: -40px;
  background: rgba(150, 162, 182, 0.13);
  animation: orbFloatB 20s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
}

.orb-c {
  width: 320px;
  height: 320px;
  left: 46%;
  bottom: -170px;
  background: rgba(190, 198, 212, 0.14);
  animation: orbFloatC 24s ease-in-out infinite alternate;
}

@keyframes orbFloatA {
  from { transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0) scale(1); }
  to { transform: translate3d(60px, 38px, 0) scale(1.08); }
}

@keyframes orbFloatB {
  from { transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0) scale(1); }
  to { transform: translate3d(-46px, 56px, 0) scale(1.12); }
}

@keyframes orbFloatC {
  from { transform: translate3d(-30px, 10px, 0); }
  to { transform: translate3d(50px, -28px, 0); }
}

.eyebrow {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 42px;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: none;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}

.eyebrow-line {
  width: 58px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--line-2);
}

.hero h1 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 4vw, 2.9rem);
  line-height: 1.25;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  margin: 0 0 28px;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.hero .authors {
  font-size: 1.32rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.hero .authors a {
  color: var(--ink-2);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom: 1px dotted #cbd5e1;
  transition: color 0.18s ease, border-color 0.18s ease;
}

.hero .authors a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
  border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.hero .authors sup,
.hero .affiliation sup { font-weight: 700; }
.hero .authors sup { font-size: 0.64em; }
.hero .affiliation {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.12rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}
.hero .affiliation sup { font-size: 0.72em; font-weight: 700; }
.hero .contact {
  color: var(--ink-2);
  font-size: 1.06rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.hero .contact a { color: var(--ink-2); }
.hero .contact a:hover { color: var(--accent); text-decoration: none; }

.hero-buttons {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 12px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.hero .eyebrow,
.hero h1,
.hero .subtitle,
.hero .authors,
.hero .affiliation,
.hero .contact,
.hero-buttons {
  opacity: 0;
  animation: heroRise 0.85s cubic-bezier(0.22, 0.61, 0.36, 1) forwards;
}

.hero .eyebrow { animation-delay: 0.05s; }
.hero h1 { animation-delay: 0.14s; }
.hero .subtitle { animation-delay: 0.22s; }
.hero .authors { animation-delay: 0.32s; }
.hero .affiliation { animation-delay: 0.38s; }
.hero .contact { animation-delay: 0.44s; }
.hero-buttons { animation-delay: 0.52s; }

@keyframes heroRise {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(16px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 9px;
  padding: 10px 20px;
  border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.2;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 0.18s ease, box-shadow 0.18s ease,
    background-color 0.18s ease, border-color 0.18s ease;
}

.btn:hover {
  text-decoration: none;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.btn:focus-visible,
.copy-btn:focus-visible,
.menu-toggle:focus-visible,
.topnav-links a:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.btn-paper {
  background: var(--red);
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(220, 76, 74, 0.18);
}
.btn-paper:hover { background: #b33a3a; color: #fff; }

.btn-code {
  background: var(--ink);
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);
}
.btn-code:hover { background: #000; color: #fff; }

.btn-bib {
  background: var(--purple);
  color: #fff;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(123, 92, 240, 0.16);
}
.btn-bib:hover { background: #6c4fe0; color: #fff; }

.btn-ghost {
  background: #fff;
  border-color: var(--line-2);
  color: var(--ink-2);
}
.btn-ghost:hover { border-color: var(--faint); color: var(--ink); }

/* ============ section scaffolding ============ */
.section-kicker {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  text-transform: none;
  color: var(--accent-2);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
}

.section-kicker::before {
  content: "";
  width: 30px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
  flex: none;
}

.section-kicker::after {
  content: "";
  flex: 1;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--accent);
  opacity: 0.24;
}

#abstract .section-kicker {
  color: var(--accent-2);
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  margin: 0 0 18px;
}

.section-title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 2.45rem;
  line-height: 1.14;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 14px;
}

.section-lead {
  color: var(--body);
  max-width: 640px;
  margin-bottom: 42px;
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.module-card,
.stat-card,
.figure-slot,
.abstract-body,
.citation-card {
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease,
    border-color 0.25s ease;
}

/* reveal-on-scroll */
.js .reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(22px);
  transition: opacity 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.22, 0.61, 0.36, 1),
    transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.22, 0.61, 0.36, 1);
}

.js .reveal.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .hero-orbs .orb,
  .orb {
    animation: none;
  }

  .js .reveal {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
    transition: none;
  }

  .hero .eyebrow,
  .hero h1,
  .hero .subtitle,
  .hero .authors,
  .hero .affiliation,
  .hero .contact,
  .hero-buttons {
    opacity: 1;
    animation: none;
  }
}

.figure-slot img {
  transition: transform 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1);
}

.module-card:hover,
.stat-card:hover,
.citation-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.center-text { text-align: center; }
.center-text .section-kicker { justify-content: center; }
.center-text .section-lead { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }

/* ============ motivation ============ */
.motivation {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.95fr) minmax(0, 1.05fr);
  gap: 56px;
  align-items: center;
}

.motivation-copy { max-width: 560px; }

.motivation .section-lead {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-size: 0.97rem;
}

.motivation .section-title {
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  line-height: 1.18;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.motivation-figure {
  justify-self: center;
  width: min(100%, 530px);
  margin-top: 0;
  transform: translateY(50px);
}

.motivation-figure img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: 10px;
}

.motivation-figure figcaption {
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-top: 14px;
  text-align: center;
}

.finding-list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 13px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.finding-list li {
  position: relative;
  padding: 0 0 10px 32px;
}

.finding-list span { line-height: 1.6; }

.finding-list li::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 2px;
  top: 9px;
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  border: 2px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #fff;
}

.finding-list b { color: var(--ink-2); }
.finding-list span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.96rem; display: block; }
.finding-list span { font-size: 1rem; }

.tag-row {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px;
  margin-top: 12px;
}

.soft-tag {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  background: var(--accent-softer);
  border: 1px solid #dfe8fb;
  color: var(--accent-2);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 5px 12px;
}

/* ============ abstract ============ */
.abstract-layout {
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.78fr) minmax(0, 1.22fr);
  gap: 64px;
  align-items: stretch;
}

.abstract-aside {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  height: 100%;
}

.abstract-aside .abstract-num {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 4.4rem;
  line-height: 1;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--line-2);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.abstract-aside h3 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  line-height: 1.18;
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.abstract-aside p {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 1.02rem;
}

.abstract-chip-list {
  margin-top: 22px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 10px;
}

.abstract-chip {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 10px;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  color: var(--body);
}

.abstract-chip .icon-dot {
  flex: none;
  width: 22px;
  height: 22px;
  margin-top: 2px;
  border-radius: 7px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
}

.chip-blue { background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent-2); }
.chip-green { background: var(--green-soft); color: var(--green); }
.chip-purple { background: var(--purple-soft); color: var(--purple); }
.chip-red { background: var(--red-soft); color: var(--red); }

.abstract-body {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 34px 38px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  height: 100%;
}

.tldr-tag {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 5px 12px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.abstract-body .abstract-text {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  line-height: 1.9;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  margin: 0;
  text-align: justify;
}

.abstract-body .abstract-text strong { color: var(--ink); }
.abstract-body .abstract-text b.hl { color: var(--accent-2); }

/* ============ generic split ============ */
.split-2 {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 40px;
  align-items: start;
}

/* ============ module cards ============ */
.module-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 20px;
  margin-top: 42px;
}

.module-card {
  position: relative;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: #fff;
  padding: 26px 24px 22px;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease,
    border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.module-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  border-color: #cfdcf5;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.module-card .icon-box {
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  color: var(--accent-2);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.module-card:nth-child(2) .icon-box {
  background: var(--purple-soft);
  color: var(--purple);
}

.module-card:nth-child(3) .icon-box {
  background: var(--green-soft);
  color: var(--green);
}

.module-card .kicker {
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
}

.module-card h3 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  margin: 5px 0 8px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.module-card p {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.module-card .metric {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  padding-top: 13px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.module-card .metric b {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.24rem;
  color: var(--ink);
}

/* ============ figures ============ */
.figure-slot {
  margin: 44px auto 0;
}

.figure-slot img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.figure-slot:hover img {
  transform: scale(1.006);
}

.fig-caption {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-align: center;
  max-width: 680px;
  margin: 16px auto 0;
}

.fig-caption b { color: var(--ink-2); }
.fig-caption .no { color: var(--ink-2); font-weight: 600; }

/* insight cards beside figures */
.insight-media {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 5fr) minmax(0, 6fr);
  gap: 52px;
  align-items: center;
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.insight-media--start { align-items: start; }

.insight-figure {
  margin: 0;
  text-align: center;
}

.insight-figure .fig-caption { max-width: 460px; }

.insight-card {
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 26px 28px;
  background: #fff;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.insight-label {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent-2);
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.insight-label::before {
  content: "";
  width: 7px;
  height: 7px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  background: var(--accent);
}

.insight-card h4 {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.42rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.25;
  margin: 0 0 10px;
}

.insight-card p {
  color: var(--body);
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  margin: 0;
}

.insight-points {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  padding: 16px 0 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  display: grid;
  gap: 12px;
}

.insight-points li {
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  align-items: flex-start;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
  color: var(--body);
}

.insight-points .dot {
  flex: none;
  width: 7px;
  height: 7px;
  margin-top: 9px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent);
  opacity: 0.75;
}

.insight-points b { color: var(--ink-2); }

.takeaway-note {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 14px;
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 38px auto 0;
  padding: 16px 22px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-softer);
  border-radius: 0 14px 14px 0;
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}

.takeaway-note b {
  flex: none;
  color: var(--accent-2);
}

.figure-slot--max-360 img { max-width: min(100%, 360px); }
.figure-slot--max-440 img { max-width: min(100%, 440px); }
.figure-slot--max-620 img { max-width: min(100%, 620px); }
.figure-slot--max-640 img { max-width: min(100%, 640px); }
.figure-slot--max-760 img { max-width: min(100%, 760px); }
.figure-slot--max-820 img { max-width: min(100%, 820px); }
.figure-slot--max-920 img { max-width: min(100%, 920px); }

.figure-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 28px;
  margin-top: 46px;
  align-items: start;
}

.figure-row .figure-slot {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.figure-row .figure-slot img { max-width: min(100%, 460px); }

/* ============ data stats ============ */
.stat-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 14px;
  margin: 34px 0 30px;
}

.stat-card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 20px 16px;
  text-align: center;
  transition: border-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
}

.stat-card:hover { border-color: #cfdcf5; transform: translateY(-2px); }

.stat-card .value {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  display: block;
  line-height: 1.1;
}

.stat-card .label {
  display: block;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.stat-card .sublabel {
  display: block;
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  margin-top: 2px;
}

/* ============ tables ============ */
.table-slot { margin: 40px 0; }

.table-title {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.26rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 8px;
}

.table-title .no {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.table-desc {
  color: var(--body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  max-width: 820px;
  margin: 0 0 18px;
}

.table-note {
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  margin-top: 10px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.table-scroll {
  overflow-x: auto;
  border-radius: 10px;
}

.paper-table {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 0;
  border-collapse: separate;
  border-spacing: 0;
  font-size: 0.94rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  background: #fff;
}

.paper-table th,
.paper-table td {
  padding: 9px 11px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  text-align: center;
  white-space: nowrap;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

.paper-table th {
  background: var(--panel);
  color: var(--ink-2);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-2);
}

.paper-table thead th:first-child { border-radius: 10px 0 0 0; }
.paper-table thead th:last-child { border-radius: 0 10px 0 0; }

.paper-table td:first-child,
.paper-table th:first-child {
  text-align: left;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}

.paper-table tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: 0; }
.paper-table tr:hover td { background: var(--accent-softer); }
.paper-table tr.group td {
  background: #f1f5f9;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  text-align: left;
  padding: 7px 14px;
}

.paper-table tr.ours td {
  background: var(--accent-soft);
}

.paper-table tr.ours td:first-child { font-weight: 600; color: var(--accent-2); }
.paper-table .best { color: var(--accent-2); font-weight: 700; }
.paper-table .dim { color: var(--faint); }
.paper-table .num { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.paper-table .check { color: var(--green); font-weight: 700; }
.paper-table .cross { color: var(--faint); }
.paper-table td.wrap { white-space: normal; min-width: 180px; text-align: left; }

.tables-duo {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: stretch;
}

.tables-duo .table-slot { margin-top: 0; }

/* compatibility aliases for semantic table blocks */
.table-block {
  margin: 34px 0;
  min-width: 0;
}

.tables-duo .table-block {
  margin-top: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  height: 100%;
}

.table-insight {
  flex: 1;
  margin-top: 16px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 14px;
  background:
    linear-gradient(180deg, #ffffff 0%, var(--accent-softer) 120%);
  padding: 18px 20px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  min-height: 180px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.table-insight-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.table-insight-title {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent-2);
}

.table-insight-title::before {
  content: "";
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent), #60a5fa);
}

.table-insight-count {
  flex: none;
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
}

.table-insight-items {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.table-insight-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 13px;
  padding: 10px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.table-insight-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.table-insight-item .step {
  flex: none;
  width: 28px;
  height: 28px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  border: 1px solid #d7e3fd;
  color: var(--accent-2);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.table-insight-item b {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}

.table-insight-item p {
  margin: 1px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.table-block .table-caption {
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1.26rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: 8px;
}

.table-block .table-caption .no {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.table-block .table-explain {
  color: var(--body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  max-width: 820px;
  margin: 0 0 18px;
}

.table-block .table-scroll {
  overflow-x: auto;
}

.table-block .table-note {
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  margin-top: 10px;
}

/* ============ bibtex ============ */
.citation-block { max-width: 840px; margin: 0 auto; }

.bib-card {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  margin: 0 auto;
  background: var(--panel);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 28px 28px 28px 30px;
  transition: border-color 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}

.bib-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--line-2);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.bib-card pre {
  margin: 0;
  overflow-x: auto;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  color: #243044;
}

.bib-card code {
  font-family: inherit;
}

.bib-card .copy-btn {
  position: absolute;
  top: 18px;
  right: 18px;
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-2);
  color: var(--ink-2);
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 6px 15px;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.bib-card .copy-btn:hover {
  color: var(--accent-2);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
}

.citation-card {
  background: #fff;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-2);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.citation-card-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px;
  padding: 16px 22px;
  background: var(--panel);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.citation-card-title {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}

.citation-card-title i {
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: var(--purple-soft);
  color: var(--purple);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.copy-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-2);
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  border-radius: 8px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 7px 14px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.18s ease;
}

.copy-btn:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent-2);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
}

.citation-card pre {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 26px 28px 24px;
  overflow-x: auto;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.87rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  color: #334155;
  background:
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.06) 0, rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.06) 42px, transparent 42px);
}

.citation-foot {
  padding: 12px 22px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  text-align: center;
}

/* ============ footer ============ */
.footer {
  background:
    radial-gradient(800px 200px at 50% -80px, rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.18), transparent 70%),
    #0f172a;
  padding: 52px 0 46px;
  text-align: center;
  color: #94a3b8;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.footer .container {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
}

.footer-icons {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 12px;
}

.footer-icon {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.35);
  color: #cbd5e1;
  background: rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.06);
  transition: color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease,
    background-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.footer-icon:hover {
  color: #fff;
  background: var(--accent);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(37, 99, 235, 0.35);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.footer-copy {
  color: #8b98ac;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.footer-copy::before {
  content: "";
  display: block;
  width: 34px;
  height: 1px;
  background: rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.3);
  margin: 0 auto 18px;
}

.to-top {
  position: fixed;
  right: 26px;
  bottom: 28px;
  z-index: 90;
  width: 42px;
  height: 42px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-2);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  color: var(--ink-2);
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transform: translateY(10px);
  transition: opacity 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease,
    visibility 0.25s ease, background-color 0.2s ease;
}

.to-top.visible {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.to-top:hover {
  background: var(--accent);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
}

/* shared editorial two-column scaffold for Motivation & Abstract */
.editorial-grid {
  max-width: 1000px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.78fr) minmax(0, 1.22fr);
  gap: 56px;
  align-items: start;
}

/* thin elegant scrollbar for wide tables */
.table-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar {
  height: 8px;
}

.table-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: #cdd5e1;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

.table-scroll::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background: transparent;
}

/* ============ responsive ============ */
@media (max-width: 960px) {
  .motivation {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 40px;
  }
  .motivation-copy { max-width: 640px; }
  .motivation-figure { order: -1; max-width: 420px; }
  .abstract-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
  .module-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .stat-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .figure-row,
  .tables-duo,
  .insight-media { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 30px; }
  .insight-figure { order: -1; }
  .menu-toggle { display: inline-flex; }
  .topnav-links {
    position: absolute;
    top: 64px;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.98);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    padding: 12px 24px 18px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    pointer-events: none;
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    transition: opacity 0.22s ease, transform 0.22s ease,
      visibility 0.22s ease;
  }
  .topnav-links.open {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    pointer-events: auto;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
  .topnav-links a {
    display: block;
    padding: 11px 4px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }
  .topnav-links a:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
  .section { padding: 74px 0; }
}

@media (max-width: 620px) {
  .container { width: calc(100% - 32px); }
  .hero { padding: 84px 0 68px; }
  .hero h1 { font-size: 1.7rem; }
  .section-title { font-size: 2rem; }
  .module-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .stat-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .abstract-body { padding: 26px 22px; }
  .citation-card pre { padding: 20px; font-size: 0.78rem; }
}